Khair Mundos and His Source of Funding free essay sample

PROFILE OF KHAIR MUNDOS [pic] PERSONAL BACKGROUND: Name : Khair Mohammad Noor Mundos Alias : Abu Ayman Nationality : Filipino Tribe : Samal bangingi Age : 45 up Height : 5’4 Weight : 160 lbs. Hair : baldy Assembled : medium/athletic Complexion : reasonable Status : wedded Address : Kaum Purnah, Isabela, Basilan Province Affiliation : Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) Other Relevant Informaton: Khair Mohammad Noor Mundos is a high positioning pioneer of the Abu Sayyaf Group structure Kaum Purnah, Isabela, Basilan however the family initially originated from Lukbuton in the island of Malamawi. He is referred to in the association as Abo Ayman, a moniker given to him by ASG Founder Abdurajak Janjalani. Mundos began to turn out to be islamically radicalized during the 80s when he examined Arabic at Mahad Basilan Al-Arabie Al-Islamie, the first and most established Arabic organization in Basilan built up by the Egyptian teachers from the Al-Azhar University in Cairo relegated to lecture Islam in Southern Philippines. He was one of the coordinators of the Tableegh bunch which as composed by Janjalani during the 80s on the side of the MNLF battle for an autonomous state in Mindanao. It was the Tableegh bunch that started the strict projects inside the Moro National Liberaton Front (MNLF). A portion of the officials of the Tableegh bunch joined the military of the MNLF and rose to control in the association, for example, Ustadz Basiri Jailani who later turned into the NASCOM boss and afterward Deputy Chief of Staff. With the guidance from ASG Founder Abdurajak Janjalani, Mundos went to Saudi Arabia to work simultaneously to help arrange a help base in the realm for the Abu Sayyaf Group. Mundos helped Hadji Hasan Jalmaani, a senior individual from the gathering whom Janjalani depended the assortment of monetary help for the Abu Sayyaf in the Middle East with center around Saudi Arabia. His stay in Saudi Arabia made him work nearer with different jihadists which included Mohammad Jamal Khalifa, Abu Abdulla Qassamollah, and Mohammad Saleh Shugair. He gathered yearly zakat from the Muslim Filipino specialists abroad and month to month commitments and different gifts to back the battle of the Abu Sayyaf Group. Contribution IN TERRORISTIC ACTIVITIES OF THE ABU SAYYAF GROUP Mundos assumed a fundamental job in the financing of the Abu Sayyaf Group since its starting when ASG establishing pioneer Ustadz Abdurajak Janjalani began to compose his supporters in Basilan, Zamboanga and Sulu in the mid 90s until the administration of Khadaffy and up to the present. The nearness of Mundos in Saudi Arabia until 2004 when he was captured carried a huge number of cash to the assets of the Abu Sayyaf Group. Like Hadji Hasan Jalmaani, the ASG recognizes his dynamic association in the financing of the gathering, setting up associations with establishments in Saudi Arabia and with rich people who were steady of jihad. Mundos was dependable in moving colossal measure of cash to his more youthful sibling Borhan, who was then the executive of Safinatun Najah Inc. (Boat of Salvation). The more youthful sibling engineered the arrangement of bombings in Mindanao starting 2001 that incorporated the bombarding of Constar Lodge in General Santos City in July 2001, the besieging of Fitmart Mall in April 2002 and other significant bombings that brought about the passings of a few several guiltless regular people. It was Khair Mundos who facilitated with the Middle Easterner lenders in Saudi Arabia for the financing of ASG activities in the Philippines while the more youthful Mundos directs the aircraft in the genuine lead and execution of the bombings. Khair Mundos likewise assumed a significant job in the publicity of the association, persuading Middle Easterner siblings in the Middle East to send their help t their mujahideen siblings in the Philipines. For a few times, Mundos went to the Philippines to go with Middle Easterner jihadists who wanted to see the ASG establishing pioneer Abdurajak Janjalani face to face. Among those whom he accompanied to Basilan was a sure â€Å"Qassamollah† who went to the nation to by and by meet Janjalani and promised to send money related help to the latter’s gathering. During the said trip, Qassamollah brought along him different sidekicks, one of them was supposedly a child of a rich general of the realm of Saudi Arabia. Prior to his capture in Manila in 2004, Mundos was accepted to have set up great systems administration with his Middle Easterner siblings in Saudi Arabia. His capture by Philippine authorties in the Philippines for his inclusion in financing different shelling activities of the Abu Sayyaf Group, was a major hit to the association regarding financing. In any case, his departure from the Provincial prison of Kidapawan in 2007 had a major effect and supported the spirit of his companions who invited his arrival. He was quickly perceived as one of the profoundly regarded pioneers of the Abu Sayyaf in Basilan. As the new pioneer of the Basilan-based Abu Sayyaf, he drove a few assaults on government troops, enlisted more individuals, and carried more cash to the gathering through the few kidnappings they directed in Zamboanga and Basilan. Various government funded teachers were seized by Mundos’ bunch in Zamboanga and Basilan, generally discharged after installment of illions of cash by the family members and lawmakers. His current initiative offered would like to the hearts of the ASG prisoners confined in the diverse detainment offices in the nation, especially in Metro Manila and Basilan. He had conceded to helping his kept companions monetarily and legitimately. He likewise promised to safeguard ASG individuals kept in the c ommon prison of Basilan, especially his dear companion Ashraf Kunting, otherwise called Abo Ramadhan, a top positioning senior pioneer of the Abu Sayyaf. Abo Ramadhan is a vey notable individual to the Abu Sayyaf for his dynamic job in sending in a huge number of cash to the gathering of Khadaffy Janjalani and setting up contacts with lenders in Malaysia. Said individual nearly prevail with regards to setting up an office for Alharakatul Islamiyyah in Malaysia through the assistance of government individuals especially Senator Sairin. It was additionally Abo Ramadhan who nearly prevailing with regards to moving huge amount of powerful guns from Thailand and Malaysia. Be that as it may, the weight on the Malaysian government from the American government brought about the capture of Abo Ramadhan in Malaysia in 2001 and his extradition to the Philippines to deal with criminal indictments in the nation. Both Kunting and Mundos were held together for quite a while in one detainment office in Camp Crame. By and by, Kunting is confined in the common prison of Basilan where he deals with indictments for his contribution in the Dos Palmas prisoner taking. Beside Abo Ramadhan, other confined senior pioneers of the Abu Sayyaf are confident that Mundos will keep on

Impact of Demographics on Population Health

Effect of Demographics on Population Health Santos, Juan Nicholas V. 12000773 The socioeconomics of a populace impactsly affect wellbeing arranging, execution, and assessment of wellbeing mediations. One of the important elements that influence coming up next is age. 20% of New Zealanders are matured 0-14 and 25.7% are 55 years of age or more. These age bunches are the age bunches that are more needing human services and they include 45.7% of the New Zealand populace. This implies the social insurance arranging of New Zealand likely rotates around these age bunches without disregarding the requirements of the other age bunches also. The political atmosphere in New Zealand is generally steady contrasted with the Philippines. The New Zealand populace consider their to be as a body that is ensuring them and their inclinations. The New Zealand government ensures the populace by giving free human services to inhabitants and residents. They additionally give advantages and lodging to inhabitants who are jobless, and this likewise influences the wellbeing of the populace. The human services offices in New Zealand are available to each individual from the populace and they do an awesome activity in dealing with the populace particularly individuals who have a place with the workforce through the ACC. New Zealand is open minded towards the strict convictions of the populace. This influences the wellbeing arranging, executing, and assessment on the grounds that most religions have a type of limitation on their adherents. For instance, a few religions don't permit blood transfusions and this legitimately influences the strength of the individual particularly in a hazardous circumstance. The resilience of New Zealand to various convictions positively affects wellbeing since you will feel acknowledged inside the general public. This prompts an uplifting viewpoint and will prompt developed confidence, which will at that point lead to expanded profitability at work or in school. This influences the wellbeing arranging of New Zealand as a result of strict limitations. Since New Zealand is lenient and deferential of the religions of the populace, they figure an arrangement around these limitations all together for the mediation to be accessible to all. Human Values that are being applied in New Zealand influence the general wellbeing of the populace. Genuineness, balance, and reasonableness are suffering qualities in New Zealand. This influences the execution of wellbeing intercessions since no one is attempting to get a major advantage over others. New Zealanders put stock in equivalent open door for the populace and this is additionally identified with wellbeing in light of the fact that there is an equivalent open door for access to medicinal services. This influences the execution since it makes the usage stage simpler for the social insurance experts in ensuring that each and every individual who needs human services is tended to. In contrast with the Philippines, when there are 100 rankle packs of medication for 100 individuals, as a general rule there will be a deficiency towards the stopping point since individuals who get theirs first will in general get more than what they should get. Ethnicity assumes a significant job in wellbeing in light of the fact that there are sicknesses that are increasingly common among explicit ethnic gatherings. For instance, sickle cell sickness is more pervasive among Africans than some other ethnicity. This influences the wellbeing arranging on the grounds that despite the fact that they are a minority in New Zealand, we despite everything need to offer thought to their being in danger to explicit illnesses. For the Maori individuals, they offer significance to their language and land and they accept that the land and their language shield them from ailment. This may influence the wellbeing arranging and usage since we need to adjust our mediations to the Maori route so as to be aware of their way of life. It will be simpler for us to just adjust our mediations to their way of life as opposed to adjust their way of life to our intercessions. Conventions are significant particularly concerning wellbeing intercession assessment. This is on the grounds that conventional convictions identified with wellbeing are frequently conflicting to western medication. Muslims, for instance, decline to take their prescriptions from 6am to 6pm during the Ramadan. This frustrates our capacity to assess the adequacy of the medication in light of the fact that the planning of the admission of prescriptions is pivotal in deciding the viability. They additionally customarily accept that they ought not unveil their clinical history since they may have a less possibility at marriage. This obstructs our capacity to appropriately survey and distinguish hereditary inclination to sicknesses. A B The open idea of wellbeing and disease is molded by legitimate wellbeing instruction. The general population for the most part sees wellbeing as only a condition of physical prosperity as opposed to an all encompassing perspective on wellbeing. Along these lines, individuals will in general dismissal side effects of mental pain or social prohibition without understanding that these likewise contribute gigantically to their wellbeing. This additionally influences the way the open perspectives a disease. The open will see ailment as only a condition of physical infection or ailment. These misguided judgments influence our arranged wellbeing mediations since what we may see as critical to their wellbeing, they may not put any significance on. For certain individuals, as long as their bodies can work, they are solid without thinking about the wellbeing of their brain or their consideration inside a network. Cd The significance that the open places into wellbeing is imperative in getting our mediations across to the populace on the grounds that regardless of whether we put all our exertion, if the populace isn't keen on what we are doing, our arranged intercessions will come up short. Here in New Zealand, the Maori populace puts a significance on wellbeing. Be that as it may, as per the service of wellbeing, 23% of Maori grown-ups neglect to see a doctor because of the expense. It is to some degree negating in light of the fact that 41% of Maori grown-ups are smokers despite the way that 23% of them can't go to a doctor when they have to. Their mentality to human services experts is likewise a factor on their wellbeing since when they have a decent specialist patient or medical attendant patient connections, it urges them to return again for a development and empowers them to confide in their medicinal services suppliers with classified data that may affect their wellbeing. In spite of the fact that New Zealand is a created nation with one of least paces of defilement on the planet, disparities despite everything exist particularly with regards to wellbeing. There are still individuals and ethnic gatherings here in New Zealand that doesn't have appropriate access to medicinal services. I think culture has the greatest effect on the arranging and usage of wellbeing intercessions in New Zealand. The Pakeha, Asians, Maoris, Pacific Islanders, and different ethnicities all live in New Zealand as one flourishing populace. Be that as it may, of all these, the Maori and Pacific Islanders have the most elevated predominance of smoking grown-ups, and the least future among all the ethnic gatherings present in New Zealand. As per the National Health Committee, 39% of all Maori understudies leave school without gaining their capabilities. This is a disturbing figure since this just happens to 14% of understudies from the entirety of the other ethnic gatherings joi ned and we as a whole realize that if the populace has appropriate instruction, this will prompt better financial status which will at that point assume a significant job in deciding an individual’s wellbeing status. â€Å"References Goodyear, M. (2008) The Significance of Demographic Changes for the Health of the Population and its Need for Health and Related Services. Recovered from http://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/general wellbeing course book/wellbeing data/3a-populaces/segment changes CIA World Fact Book. (2014) Age Structure. Recovered from https://www.cia.gov/library/distributions/the-world-factbook/fields/2010.html The National Advisory Committee on Health and Disability. (June, 1998). The Social, Cultural, and Economic Determinants of Health in New Zealand: Action to Improve Health.

Peer Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Friend Assessment - Essay Example My experience as a friend assessor was an eye opener. Just because, I sensed that I was not the one being looked into, yet I was investigating other understudies' work. This gave me a feeling of pride and mental fortitude and it likewise empowered me to see the comprehensive view. In denoting my schoolmate's papers, I no longer considered myself to be a casualty of stamping but instead a triumph. The companion appraisal gave me a knowledge of one of the elements of our coaches, which is to survey the understudies' scholastic performance.â Our friend evaluation depended on our evaluation tests for all the units that we sat in the semester. The move was planned for getting us to communicate with one another while improving our initiative aptitudes (Cottrell 2010). Just because, my cohorts and I felt some awareness of other's expectations for our training. It occurred to us that our training relies upon us and that we are on the whole similarly gifted whenever allowed to survey our fr iend's work. The evaluation came as a consolation to the not very great understudies that they can be trusted to survey even the most brilliant understudies in our group. Each understudy was relegated a paper to check, and the mentor would direct us through the stamping of the papers. The teachers utilized this chance to experience the inquiries with us, trying to overhaul the paper. The educator would control us through, perusing the inquiries so anyone might hear, and consistently. He would then request that a colleague give the right answer, and we would have a short conversation on each issue.

How to Find the Best Business Paper Writing Service

How to Find the Best Business Paper Writing ServiceA business paper writing service is one of the many kinds of services available in today's modern society. It can be utilized by any individual to take their unique ideas and concepts, their plans for the future and their vision to the reader. However, even if you are a person who is self-employed or freelance writer, you will find it difficult to find the ideal writing services. This is why we have compiled some useful tips that will help you choose the right writing service for your requirements.The first thing you need to understand is that if you are searching for any kind of writing services, there are several aspects that you need to consider such as the cost, quality of the output, delivery, services available, the price you will be paying, deadlines etc. These things all have to be considered. To make the most out of the services that you are getting from the paper writing services, you should first determine your exact requi rements. How much money are you willing to spend, how many writers will you be using, what deadlines are you willing to meet, the delivery of the work, payment policies, the accessibility of the writers and the availability of these writers are all important factors that have to be taken into consideration while choosing the best available paper writing service.When you are considering the cost of the paper writing service, it is always best to use services that are cheaper than the competitors. Always remember that the most affordable writing service will not guarantee any kind of quality. On the other hand, when you choose to pay for a good quality paper writing service, you will get the best writing quality that can be expected. If you pay more, you can be sure that you will get exceptional quality writing services at the lowest cost.Your written work should be written in a friendly manner. Therefore, it is essential that the writers should be friendly and courteous. The writer s hould not talk too much about himself/herself. You should always ensure that you have consulted the writer prior to appointing them to deliver your paper writing services. For this, you can use the services of a professional writer to consult you before you make any appointment.When looking for different writers, always remember that you should go for those who have a good track record. This is because if you use a writer who is not experienced in delivering your paper writing services, you may face problems later on. Moreover, the more experienced writers are the ones who can deliver the best writing service to you at a very reasonable price.Once you have found the best writers, it is also necessary that you ask them to show you the manuscript once it is delivered so that you will know if it is good quality or not. Sometimes, a mediocre writer will offer to deliver the same work at a very low price. Therefore, it is important that you do not compromise with quality when you choose a paper writing service.It is always better to go for a good paper writing service rather than settling for the cheapest one. There are also many ways through which you can choose the best available one. However, just try and take some tips before making any final decision.

Early Childhood Education Observation - 1946 Words

While walking through the front gates of County elementary school, you see children of all ages playing while they wait for the school bell to ring. Walking to the classroom that I will be observing you see students with their parent’s line up waiting to get signed in. The students are to be signed in by a parent or guardian for safety precautions, and shows that the child was signed into school. As a visitor, I am to sign myself in, this shows I was in the classroom, at what time was I there, and reason for visiting the classroom. Introducing myself to Mrs. Smith the classroom teacher, and Mrs. Brown the teaching assistant; I explained that I will be observing the classroom. Mrs. Smith informed me that the name of the program†¦show more content†¦The reading/listening area located into the corner has different types of books, a little theater puppet stand setup for the children to interactive and play out a scene from a book, and there is also a radio with headphone s for the children to listen to books being read to them by CD or cassette. Next to that is the math area had many different materials the child is able to learn from such as chain links, counting blocks, numbers with rods, geo boards, patterning beads, and there are also board games and matching games that help learn math. Next to the math area is the manipulative area that contains different puzzles, instruments, shoe lacing cards, and many other life lessons to learn. Next is the computer station, there are two computers that the children will use. There are a few programs that are used during computer time, starfall.com, bailey’s book house, dragon tails, and Dora the explorer. The programs are easy to use, and talk back to the students instructing them where and what to press. The programs teach different curriculums such as math, science, English, Spanish, and colors. The block area which holds different shapes, animals, linking toys, foam blocks, and color names. Writi ng table has different cups of colors with markers, or crayons, and color pencils. There are blank pieces of paper and coloring booking for them to use also. The science area withShow MoreRelatedDevelopmentally Appropriate Practices ( Dap )960 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopmentally Appropriate Practices (DAP) is a method of teaching that is based on the research about how young children grow and learn and includes standards for high quality care and education for young children. The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) established these guidelines more than 20 years ago. Authors Gordon and Browne state, â€Å"The DAP approach stresses the need for activity-based learning environments and is based on what we know about children throughRead MoreKei Tua o Te Pai: Early Childhood Assessment Exemplars1228 Words   |  5 Pagesabout assessing childrens learning through play, Kei Tua o te Pae/Assessment for learning: Early Childhood Exemplars, learning storie s and how beneficial Kei Tua o te Pae and learning stories are to early childhood teachers. Kei Tua o te Pae/Assessment for learning: Early Childhood Exemplars are extremely useful to any early childhood teacher at any level, from the student teacher, to the early childhood teacher with decades of experience as there are many different examples of assessing a childRead MoreCommunication in Early Childhood1450 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is the most important factor for young children’s learning and social development. Humans have the unique skills of language and speech to enable the sharing of information, knowledge and feelings with others. Early childhood educators have an important job to nurture and support the development of communication in children. Communication skills are required in order to deliver the right message and convey it properly to the child. These involve body languages and facial expressionRead MoreSimilarities and Differences between Reggio Emilia and High Scope1681 Words   |  7 Pagescurriculums that are used in early childhood classrooms. Two curriculums that are used are High Scope and Reggio Emilia. Both of these curriculums have unique aspects that make up their curriculums. In addition, High Scope and Reggio Emilia have similarities and differences. In Ypsilanti, Michigan Dr. David P. Weikard created High Scope in 1970. High Scope does research in a variety of areas. However, they are best known for their research in preschool education and their preschool curriculumRead MoreWhat Are The 3 And Their Meanings?1402 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Becoming recognises the process and significant change that children develop through in the early years. Children’s identities, knowledge, understandings, capacities, skills, and relationships begin to change during childhood as they learn and grow (DEEWR, 2009). Personal Professional Reflection: How can young children fully and actively participate in society? As children develop through the early years they begin to actively participate in society through various events and experiences thatRead MoreDiversity and Difference in Early Childhood Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesTOPIC: Diversity and Difference in Early Childhood Education Personal interest: My first awareness of racial identity and diversity occurred when I was in Year 3. Having being raised acknowledging acceptance of people of racial or cultural difference my thoughts of children of colour were positive and impartial. However, one day a boy in my class of Sri Lankan descent got into trouble with another student, but only the Sri Lankan boy was asked to go to the principal’s office. During our lunchRead MoreAustralian Government Policies, Initiatives And Legislative Requirements1075 Words   |  5 Pagesyoung children in Early Learning contexts. Introduction 200 words l Overview of the situation and identification of key issues. In 2012, the National Quality Framework (NQF) was introduced by the Australian Government and subsequently applied to majority of children’s education and care services. The framework is used to ensure the wellbeing of children throughout their lives and to raise the productivity of the nation. The framework was introduced based on the evidence that the early years of children’sRead MoreEarly Childhood Education Essays1052 Words   |  5 Pages EDUCATIONAL THRORISTS Early Childhood Curriculum â€Æ' Contents Introduction 2 Principles and Philosophy 2 Common and Differences 2 Contributions 3 Personal Reflections 4 Bibliography 5 Introduction In this assessment I will be talking about the principles and philosophy of Frobel and Montessori, what they have in common and differences, there contributions to Siolta and my own thoughts in relation to early childhood education and their impact on the learning environment Principles and PhilosophyRead MoreThe First Few Years Of Young Children’S Lives Are Very1094 Words   |  5 Pagesplays an active role in children’s early childhood development and has a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators play in the field of early childhood education, working with young children in their early childhood years of life. The requirements for becoming a teacher vary from state to state. In New York State, teachers must receive an undergraduate college education and obtain a degree from an accreditedRead MoreObservation Paper1649 Words   |  7 PagesObservation In order to be a good educator, it is critical to observe children during their learning experiences. Observations allow the educator to determine what the child knows, can do and understand (Early Childhood Australia, 2012, p.1). Observations help the educator to implement experiences, which are of interest to the children helping to build on their knowledge. According to Curtis Carter (2013, p. 16) educators have many demands and distractions; therefore learning to pay attention requires

Biography of Aristotle Essay example - 1487 Words

Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and scientist who lived from 384-322 B.C who was born in Stagira, Macedonia. His father played a major role in society as a physician in the royal court. Young Aristotle took a liking to Plato and decided to go to his academy at the age of seventeen. For the next twenty years, Aristotle remained there first as a student then as a teacher. After the death of Plato, Aristotle moved to Assos in the Asia Minor where he tutored his friend Hermias who was the ruler there and decided to marry his niece. After his death he then tutored Alexander the Great at the capital of Macedonia known as Pella. Later in his life, Aristotle decided to move back to Athens, Greece to open up his own school known as Lyceum.†¦show more content†¦An act is acted upon through lack of knowledge known as ignorance when the performer is unaware of the consequences of the specific condition. Performing in the course of unawareness must be separated from performing in ignor ance. One may be performing ignorance through drunkenness or moral depravity, which is an act of moral corruption that ends up being extremely worse. Voluntary acts are acts that are the opposite of involuntary acts. A voluntary act involves choice that human beings are only capable of. The choice that one makes is different from rage or desire. â€Å"Such actions, then, are mixed, but are more like voluntary actions; for they are worthy of choice at the time when they are done, and the end of an action is relative to the occasion† (Book III). True choice requires rational consideration, an ability unique to human beings, which also means that the human being choosing can verify that one action is preferable to another. An example of voluntary action is the decision to play a sport for school or not. Playing a sport for school may take time out of your studies, but at the same time, make you become better physically fit and an overall better person by learning things about yo urself and about life. That student has to make that decision if he wants to feel better about himself physically or concentrate more on hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The First Ones 1562 Words   |  7 Pagesjustify what is just or good?† have popped up in human minds and Plato and Aristotle were the first philosophers to answer these questions. 2. Plato 2.1. His Life To many people, Plato was known as the first writer of philosophy. Plato was born in Athens in 429 BC (Plato-Biography, egs.edu). His birth name was Aristocles and gained the nickname Platon later on. He had two brothers named Adeimantus and Glaucon (Plato-Biography, egs.edu). When Plato met Socrates, he adopted his philosophy and discussedRead MoreAristotles Impact on Current Society812 Words   |  4 Pages _NAME___ HUM 360 B1 Wilmington University Aristotle was one of the most important western philosophers. He was a student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. I found that his biggest impacts on modern society were in the subject areas of ethics, and zoology. Aristotle wrote the first book ever written about ethics titlesRead MoreTragedy : A Great Topic1061 Words   |  5 Pagesand more. Aristotle loved to write on tragedy. According to Richard Sorabji, â€Å"Aristotle groups together thought, perception and walking as activities of which we are conscious, and does not follow Descartes in protesting that we are not immediately conscious of corporeal walking. Thought, perception and walking are grouped together again, on the grounds that they all belong to humans, none to plants.† Aristotle does not agree with Descartes in what is conscious and what isn’t. Aristotle wrote an essayRead MoreTypes Of Non Fictional Writing920 Words   |  4 PagesSome main examples are an almanac, Autobiography, Biography, Blueprint, letters, diagram, school books, speech, user manual, diary, encyclopedia, news article, book report, documentary, map, travelogue, blog, report, and an essay. All have to do with real accounts, and/or something tha t is true. Sub-genre Biographies are an important aspect in non-fiction writing. Some of the most influential knowledge we have comes from a biography. A biography is a sub-genre of non-fiction, and it is an accountRead MoreA Comparison of Great Scientists in History Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesscientists in the time Ancient Greece. Like so many others of his time, he sought to understand the universe, why it is, and how it came to be. The great philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) was yet another of many astounding Ancient Greek thinkers, among which were Plato and Socrates. â€Å"The Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle possessed and outstanding intellect. His writings - on politics to zoology - spanned all branches of human knowledge. Although his ideals have not always stood the testRead MoreNichomachean Ethics’ Book Was Written By Aristotle Between1145 Words   |  5 Pages Nichomachean ethics’ book was written by Aristotle between the periods of 384 BC to the time when he passed away in 322 BC. Aristotle is an ancient Greek philosopher. During his period of writing, not many things had been discovered and the only other known philosophers were the Plato and Socrates. My view on the book can be derived from the title itself â€Å"Nichomachean† which means victory for example in battle and from the term â€Å"ethics† which means virtue or a code of conduct. From the twoRead MoreAlexander The Great : Why Is Alexander Considered Great?1669 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosopher Aristotle to be his personal tutor who was a lso hired by King Phillip. He taught him about science, poetry, drama, politics, medicine and philosophy. During Aristotle s teachings, the son of Philip II became very passionate for the works of Homer and in particular the Iliad. As a result of this, it inspired him to be a heroic warrior and because of this, Aristotle gave him a copy which he later carried with him on his campaigns. In 340B.C, he ended his lessons with Aristotle to help hisRead MoreAlexander: Truly Great Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesAthens, and created the League of Corinth, which he treated fairly. At age 13, Alexander’s father hired Aristotle to tutor his son. Aristotle’steachings encompassed all aspects of Greek life: art, poetry, science, and philosophy. Aristotle would become Alexander’s second greatest influence in life, one that would inspire him to live a good, moral life. Another tutor of Alexander’s, before Aristotle, was the Acarnian Lysimachus. He created a game with Alexander in which he would pretend to be the greatRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Life794 Words   |  4 PagesTameka Jonas Thompson Survey of Philosophical Thoughts2010 Professor James Moore June 9, 2015 Analogy of Plato and Aristotle Aristotle and Plato were each great intellectual however their views on life are totally different. Plato was born round the year 428 BCE in Athens. (Plato) Plato was then introduce to was introduced to philosophy by Socrates in 469-399 B.C.( Plato)Who then became is mentor, however Socrates died , however shortly after his mentor die he had an an inspirationRead MoreThe Great Philosopher728 Words   |  3 Pagesapproximately forty years old. Upon returning from his travels, he founded The Academy in 385 BCE. The academy was located in Athens. There Plato would give lectures on philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy. While teaching at the academy Plato met Aristotle. Aristotle became one of Plato’s favorite students. Plato spent the rest of his life at the academy teaching and working on his dialogues and writing. One of Plato s greatest works was The Republic . The Republic was Plato’s defence of justice and what

Comparison and Contrast Secondary Education System In Uk and Usa

Question: Discuss their similarities and differences of the two education systems following a compare/contrast essay structure. Analyse three areas such as the funding, organisation, and quality of each system (one paragraph each start with a clear topic sentence). Provide evidence and examples using the UK education booklet and your own research, and comment on the implications for each country. Conclusion Summarise the main points of your essay in one concluding paragraph. Include your own opinion as to which system is more effective. Answer: Introduction Education System differs spectacularly with varying countries and its definition varies as well. As per the description of Cambridge Advanced Learner dictionary, education is the process or system of teaching, whether the education is in school or college. Education indeed is very imperative for every society (Ball, 2013). Future of the country depends directly on the education system that makes the country and the countrymen well knowledgeable and well developed with harmony. Education has certain social responsibilities-: Education ensures development of the society Education upholds current political system Education is the medium of promoting the society norms and values National identity is created when education becomes the medium Education is the medium which makes the kids civilized and socialized. Education also holds the responsibility of producing human capital that stimulates the economic growth of the country that brings wealth for the nation. But there are certain differences between education systems of two countries. Specifically the secondary education system of the countries varies significantly. Below mentioned are the major aspects that define the difference of secondary education system in UK and USA. What are the major aspects and the impacts are as well described below. You can know about the influences of secondary education system in a country and why this needs great concern. Education system of UK and the aspect of Secondary education system with its influence on the future of the citizens The secondary education comes under the subdivision of the compulsory stage. This Secondary education is the stage which is accessed by the pupils after the age of 11. These pupils are transferred or promoted from the primary school. Moreover 90% of pupils of the secondary schools go to the comprehensive schools. The comprehensive term refers to All-inclusive which was introduced in the 1960s. Most of the secondary system schools are comprehensive and dont operate any selective entrance system(Findlay et al., 2012). Secondary education system of UK in detail In some parts of England/UK, the grammar school system also operated and over here the pupils are required to pass the entrance examinations as per their ability. As per the education system of UK, the children are open to choose their subjects as per their field of choice for the consecutive years at the age of 9 years. This option is for the GCSE exams in which subjects like math, science, English, PE and any foreign language subjects are studied. The UK secondary education system reforms the system to be fewer exams oriented. The secondary education of UK allows taking the children having abilities of all types and provide them education of wide range in both the sections, practically and academic. Report defines that about 4% of students attend the grammar schools(Lee, Johnson Joyce, 2012). They enter these schools the age of 11 as said with their special abilities. Even 6% of children attending the secondary schools are provided general education until the age of 16. The pupils in UK leave the secondary school at the age of 16 years and prefer to enter any types of training courses. According to a report, 65% of children leave the secondary school. The main qualification in UK that is taken by the secondary pupils is the GCSE-General Certificate of Secondary Education. The pupils can stay on for getting prepared for A-examination for two years if their results go well (Manzon, 2014). Even the ratio of Boys and Girls attending the classes together in UK is more than 80% at the secondary levels, only few selective areas have lower ratio. In UK, the school year is basically divided into three terms which begins from early September and ends in July the next year. Secondary Education System in USA may be more enhancing than UK with the mentioned features Moreover, attending the schools is compulsory in USA. The education system in USA is quite different than the education system in UK. The Secondary Education System is basically based on the ideology of mass education providing equal and relevant opportunity to everyone. Until the age of 18, 90% of students continue in schools (Findlay et al., 2012).The secondary education is provided by the Middle schools or by the high schools that are divided into junior high school and senior high school. In the large towns there is a wide choice of secondary school available. When any student choose for remaining at the central high school, the student may have opportunity to choose the preferred subjects from the variety available that are referred as traditional subjects (Manzon, 2014). As per the educational rules in USA, the American pupils after completion of the fifth grade they advance towards secondary school. The secondary schools consist of seven years in total which is referred as the sixth through the twelfth grade. Even the ninth grade through the twelfth grade is commonly referred as the high school. After completing the twelfth grade, a certificate is awarded to the American pupils. This certificate is called as the high school diploma certificate. As per the American Education System, a pupil must hold a high school diploma certificate before getting admitted into any college or any university(Findlay et al., 2012). The USA high schools are very comprehensive and are referred as coeducational secondary schools. USAs Secondary School System doesnt include any specialized vocational schools. The main school leaving qualification after successfully completing the board of secondary school is the High school diploma. Comparison of Secondary Education System of UK and USA The bar outlines beneath (Bar graph 1) thoroughly analyze relative extents of circulation of open and private wellsprings of funding for institutes at a tertiary level in the U.S. also, the UK, taking into account 1999-2000 information. The below diagrams show propensities of progressively moving assets from open to private sources with the U.S. driving in the division of private financing and the UK emulating its example. Source: World education indicators from www.uis.unesco.org In UK, Further development of business practices by colleges is the expanding inclusion of organizations in Academic time. This pattern has been prevalent among private as well as open establishments too, and even among junior colleges. For example, in the expanding request for CSR from organizations, one piece of companies reactions to expanding social weight could be contribution in junior colleges or different organizations confronting troubles, sending volunteer representatives to share in educational programs outline, instructor preparing furthermore, and IT improvement. On account of USA, they expanded the work market possibilities of junior college graduates who might somehow be not able either precede further instruction or discover a vocation. Quality of Education system of USA varies from UK and broadly in the secondary education system UK USA The secondary education of UK consists of three stages; those are pre-compulsory, compulsory and post-compulsory. The education system in USA is divided into pre-school and elementary, secondary and higher education. As per report 91% of pupils graduate High School in UK Report says, 77% of pupils graduate in USA. Before a degree the UK students are required to obtain GCSE and A-Level. The students in USA must obtain a Diploma. The schools in UK generally are not funded by the government for which the schools charge high tuition fees. Maximum numbers of schools are owned publicly and are financed by either the state government or the local government. These schools are free. There are even some private schools that charge high fees which are exclusively for the children of rich peoples. The schools in UK offer scholarships for the pupils having good and bright carrier. The private schools offer scholarships. The private schools which are rather financed by any religious groups or any such organizations they are much cheaper than other private schools. Conclusion The above mentioned description of Secondary education system in both UK and USA reflects that the education systems are almost similar but may not be quite perfect in building up a well consoled future of the children. With a serious emphasize on the secondary education of both UK and USA it cant be cleared up that whose education system is better. The pupils from both UK and USA are achieving incomparable success in their respective fields and are building a greater economic strength(Lee, Johnson Joyce, 2012). We can just depict that USA having higher economic strength in comparison to UK can be defined to have a better secondary education system than UK. The governments of both UK as well as USA are trying on to address all of the functions of education with their policy. The teachers those are involved in the entire education system in their respective areas can help the governments in making a decision in regards to the education system through the teachers union. It would indeed work incredibly when the teachers combining with the government would work in order to produce a better education system in the future. References Bray, M., Adamson, B. and Mason, M. eds., 2014.Comparative education research: Approaches and methods(Vol. 32). Springer. Bray, M., 2014. Actors and purposes in comparative education. In Comparative Education Research(pp. 19-46). Springer International Publishing. Ball, S.J., 2013.The education debate.Policy Press. Blaug, M. (2014).Economics of education: A selected annotated bibliography. Elsevier. Chowdry, H., Crawford, C., Dearden, L., Goodman, A. and Vignoles, A., 2013. Widening participation in higher education: analysis using linked administrative data.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society),176(2), pp.431-457. Findlay, A.M., King, R., Smith, F.M., Geddes, A. and Skeldon, R., 2012.World class? An investigation of globalization, difference and international student mobility.Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,37(1), pp.118-131. Lee Jr, R.D., Johnson, R.W. and Joyce, P.G., 2012.Public budgeting systems.Jones Bartlett Publishers. Manzon, M., 2014.Comparing places. InComparative education research (pp. 97-137). Springer International Publishing.

Why and how did the US get involved in the Korean War

Table of Contents Introduction Why How Conclusion Works Cited Introduction On the surface, the Korean War seemed like a normal war between North and South Korea; however, there was more to it than what met the eye. This was a war between the United States of America and the Soviet Union. Critics and adherents alike have come up with many hypotheses as to why and how the US government got involved in the Korean War.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why and how did the US get involved in the Korean War? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Why According to Park, America got involved because of the â€Å"Domino Theory; a political theory that if one nation comes under communist control then neighboring nations will also come under communist control† (96). In 1949, China had become one such a victim of communism and Truman knew if Korea went the same way, Japan would follow suit, something that would c ripple America’s economy. â€Å"Before the tide turned, the U.S. established very high war aims of seeking the destruction of the Communist regime in North Korea† (Reiter 63). It is evident that Truman never liked communism for he believed that it would undermine capitalism and freedom, important elements of American life. Cotton and Neary posit that, â€Å"the bombing as purely a military operation†¦as a means of applying pressure on the communists†¦ (107). Truman acted on the 1950 National Security Council report (NCS 68), which called for abolishment of communism. On the other hand, some scholars believe that America was competing against the USSR for world domination; consequently, Truman did not want to attack Russia directly so he opted to support South Korea as a way of fighting communism without involving the USSR directly. Other compelling reasons include the fact that after America lost its bid to control China from becoming a communist state coup led with the USSR’s acquiring atomic bomb, a preserve for the Americans; many people believed that the American government was becoming weak. Therefore, to prove that the American government was not weak, therefore, Truman acted to prove that the US government was as strong as ever. Other unusual interpreters claim, â€Å"Both sides wanted to unite but could not agree on what type of government, so the North tried to unite it forcefully by crossing the 38th parallel on June 25th 1950† (Park 99). By crossing over to the South, the North was angering the USA for it controlled the South region. Finally, America got involved in this war to honor her pledge contained in Truman’s document that stated that America would help any country that was willing to root out communism.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How The USA sent her troops to the Southern Korea governmen t under the pretext of United Nation’s peacekeeping mission; however, â€Å"†¦the UN forces of the free world, with the United States as its key participant joined the conflict to aid South Korea† (Millet 1). It is true that the North began the war by invading the South; something that led the UN; which was only five years old then, to ask ally nations to offer military support to the South region. Nevertheless, as aforementioned, Jenkins and Fredrick observe that, â€Å"To Kim’s surprise, however, the United States rose to action immediately† (xxiii). Therefore, it was an American exercise under the guise of the UN. Conclusion The Korean War was not just a normal war between the Southern and the Northern region; no, it was war between the US and the USSR as they contested for world supremacy among other reasons. Particularly, America wanted to protect her trade with Japan and lifestyles; these elements were under threat of communism. The sources us ed here are helpful for they offer different reasons behind America’s involvement in the Korean War. Without these different sources, one would think America went to this war for one reason; fortunately, these sources are peer-reviewed materials hence offering credible information. Works Cited Cotton, James, Neary, Ian. â€Å"The Korean War in History.† Manchester; Manchester University Press, 1989. Jenkins, Charles, Frederick, Jim. â€Å"The Reluctant Communist: My Desertion, Court-Martial, And Forty-Year Imprisonment in North Korea.† California; University of California Press, 2008.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Why and how did the US get involved in the Korean War? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Millett, Allan. â€Å"The Korean War.† The Korea Institute of Military History, 1999. Park, Hong-Kyu. â€Å"America Involvement in the Korean War.† Society for History Education, 1983. 16(2); 96-103 Reiter, Dan. â€Å"How Wars End.† New Jersey; Princeton University Press, 2009. This research paper on Why and how did the US get involved in the Korean War? was written and submitted by user Alina Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Deadmans Underwear Essay Example

Deadmans Underwear Essay Example Deadmans Underwear Essay Deadmans Underwear Essay Deadmans Underwear Bryana Urbanek Ms. Hall English 101 1117/2013 Life Turned Upside Down Last night I wore a deadmans underwear. I dont know how it happened. Everything was so perfect, in a moment I saw a vision of my life. It was exactly how I wanted it to be. A house out in the middle of the desert somewhere; plenty of horses to ride, cows to milk, and chickens to feed. But most importantly, he was there right by my side the entire time. One moment we would be together for the rest of our ives and in the next, he was gone. All it took was a moment, 56 seconds, less than a minute. Thats how long it took for me to get up off the couch, walk into the kitchen, grab a couple beers from the fridge, open them, hear gasping coming from my fianc? ©s direction followed by the sound of glass shattering and my footprints harshly hitting the ground as I ran back to find his shaking body. Face blue, still gasping for any single little breath he could find, eyes rolled back inside his head, body twitching n quick awkward movements and I was completely clueless as to how I could help him. Heart racing I called for an ambulance; they arrived shortly and took him to the hospital. The seizing stopped mid way, unfortunately, his consciousness was never regained. Soon after our arrival, his heart stopped. No paramedic or doctor could bring him back. So there I was, standing over his dead body lying in that hospital bed, hearing the doctors explain how he died from a brain hemorrhage and how there as nothing they could have done, or that I could have done, to have seen it coming. And in that moment, looking at this pale stranger, all I could think of was how I wish I grabbed some pants before I left the house. All that I could resurface about my current predicament was how ridiculous I must look leaning over this shell of a man that I once surrounded my life upon wearing nothing but an undershirt and his pair of lucky charmed boxers. How silly I must have looked in that deadmans underwear.

The Usability and Safety Aspects of the Defibrillator Essay

The Usability and Safety Aspects of the Defibrillator - Essay Example The essay "The Usability and Safety Aspects of the Defibrillator" talks about the structure of an automated external defibrillator and the aspects of its usage. The evolution of the world has been accompanied by new, varied concepts. Needless to say, such variations have been felt in the way sets of equipment are designed. The manufacturing of sets of equipment has been persistently evolving. What appeared to matter so much, as far as the manufacturing of instruments was concerned, pertained to beauty and the size of the working of the instrument to enable it to serve the intended purposes. The transformations in the current, evolving world have changed the whole scenario. It is clearly depicted by concepts such as ergonomics, inclusivity, and work safety. As if not enough, desirable workplace environments has shaped the manufacturing process in certain ways, including the necessitation of incorporation of aspects pertaining to efficiency, as well as a reduction of stress at the workplace. Indeed, in the current world, ergonomic concepts and quality and safety of the equipment are arguably inseparable. Ergonomics concepts are inclined on coming up with designs of equipment and devices that are suitable for human operations. The objective of ergonomic concepts is to foster productivity while fulfilling the health requirements. The relevance of ergonomic concepts is most appreciable when designing products and equipment, as well as machines that contain interfaces that are not only reliable but easy to use., but easy for use (Beauchamin & Hays, 1996). Generally, there are several techniques and tools that are often used as approaches of human factors in addressing safety issues. These include usability testing, forcing functions, and sta ndardization and resiliency efforts. Human factors engineers often test new equipment and systems under the real world conditions in ensuring that unintended consequences of the new technologies are identified (Burns & Vincente, 1994). In most cases, usability testing can help in identifying workarounds. This paper seeks to discuss the safety measures in the design of each component in the automated external defibrillator (AED) with a focus on the reliability of the device in terms of bio-compatibility, mechanical failures, and electrical failures. Usability and Safety Aspect of the AED The automated external defibrillator is one of the portable electronic devices within the medical field that is used to automatically diagnose the potentially life threatening ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrhythmias of the ventricular fibrillation in patients (Gliner et al. 1998). This device can treat these diseases through defibrillation, which is an application of the electrical therapy th at helps in stopping the arrhythmia, hence allowing the heart to be able to reestablish effective rhythm (Walsh & Krongrad, 1993). The automated external defibrillator (AEDs) has simple visual and audio commands that make them simple so that they can be used for layman. It is worth noting that in order to rate AEDs as being reliable in the diagnosis of heart related diseases, there was need for manufactures to take into consideration safety measures while designing each of the AED components in making sure the reliability of this device in terms of mechanical failures, bio-compatibility and electrical failures is guaranteed (Walsh & Krongrad, 1993). As a safety measure, the AED is designed in such a way that it can be used effectively and safely without any previous training. This implies that the use of the device is not restricted to the trained rescuers though training is often encouraged for purposes of helping improve on the time to correct pad placement and shock delivery. As often the case, the AEDs can analyze the ECG rhythm of a victim and be able to determine if a shock is needed. The semi-automatic AED often indicate the need for shock, which more often than not, gets delivered by an

Good Faith and English Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Good Faith and English Contract Law - Essay Example Good faith is vital concept in law and it is a prime essence in contractual dealings. Persons are expected to act in good faith for fair dealings in day-to-day business contracts. The concept of good faith has a large bearing on contract law as well as law of obligations. In contract law good faith is indispensable element. Though the contract is formed with free consent or free will good faith is inseparable from contract1. 1. An institutional competent dimension: When good faith is viewed from this dimension in England the institutions of the law, which are the courts, interpret good faith according to needs for rendering justice. Thereby giving room for arbitrary decisions. If the doctrine of good faith introduced in law of contract there would be judicial restraint, judges loose the liberty of interpreting the concept. Their discretionary powers are restricted. Simultaneously equitable flexibility is also affected. 2. Formal dimension: When we view the good faith in formal dimension it appears as vague. When it is vague it is difficult to define the good faith to introduce into contract law. The term good faith has vague meaning, lot of efforts are to made to define the good faith to make it as a statute. ... Presently the Judges use this term in various occasions in rendering the justice using their profound experience and after legitimate study of the case. The vagueness of the term is cured with their professional knowledge and profound experience before the benefit of good faith is extended to the deserved. 3. Substantive dimension: Substantive dimension refers to the contractual ethics. Contractual ethics imposes duty of good faith on the contracting parties. When such ethics are broken what is remedy Like any ethics contracting ethics are moral of the individuals, which they are supposed to keep up. The contract law does not interfere on morals. When good faith, which is vital element in business contracts is left to the ethics, which is not protected under the contract law the interest of the parties is at risk. This risk can be avoided by introducing the doctrine of good faith into contract law. Historically good faith functioned as a binding element between people by formless contracts (pacta nuda) even if there was no written contracts, to confer priority to the intention of parties and contractual terms than their literal meaning. Such contracts inclined to substantive fairness qua the intended meaning of the contract. Contract is defined in English contract law: Since the good faith is a vital element in all contracts it is essential to have a brief view of what how contract is confined under the definition in English law. As per this definition, the essential ingredients of contract are a) consensus ad idem, b) consideration, c) legal object, d) capacity to contract. Apart from these, another ingredient i.e. intention of the parties is also important

Portfolio Models Essay Example for Free

Portfolio Models Essay The use of portfolio models in marketing has been gaining increasing use since 1960s. The portfolio models were developed with the aim of helping in the development of market share and growth. These models have been used as strategic thinking model in the making of business decision. These models include BCG, General electric/shell, Hofner-Schendel, Experience Curve and Porters Competitive models. Each model has been criticized on the capabilities and according to its scope on market share. These models have been found to lead to the wrong decision in investment and other business processes. The portfolio models assume a causal relationship between the market share and the profitability of a product in the market. The common scope of portfolio models is the way it tries to ignores some of the most relevant strategic issues in business. Therefore, all models cannot be taken as an effective strategic decision making model. It should however be discarded or it should be used with caution. This paper does not recommend the use of portfolio models and an alternative way should be sought to replace this. Introduction Portfolio models can be defined as a method or strategy in which a new product will be introduced in the market and perform as it was expected. In the 1960s, there was growing assertion of the use of portfolio models in marketing. There was growing interest on the development of market share and growth strategy which later came to be known as marketing portfolio. The BCG matrix, Hofner-Schendel, Experience Curve and Porters Competitive models and GE/S were meant to achieve the marketing needs especially when introducing new products in the market. They were meant to stimulate strategic thinking especially among the senior marketing executives in the turbulent business environment. However, there has been dysfunction of these models in the way they are taught and the way they are applied in the market. This study will look into the applicability of portfolio models in strategic decision making in marketing. The study will evaluate the view from a number of literature to understand whether the model can really be applied to the decision making process or not. This paper therefore evaluates the available literature which has given an insight into this model to understand how it can be applied in strategic marketing decision. There are other methods that were introduced to give a product a distinctive market share especially when it’s introduced. There are four commonly used methods to approach this matter, the Boston consulting group (BCG), the General electric/shell (GE/S), Hofner-Schendel, Experience Curve and Porters Competitive models. Therefore to give the clear meaning of the portfolio model, there is a need to understand how the portfolio models work. The first step to be taken when using the above models is to understand the different business/ marketing strategies of the company. Portfolio models in marketing decisions Portfolio models management generally defines the way business comes up with strategic decision to venture into the market. In this definition, the strategic marketing decision is a method by which marketing ideas are made and implemented in order for a product to have stronger grounds in the market. At any one time, company will be coming up with new product which will need to be introduced to the market in the most successful way. Portfolio models therefore provide the business with important tools for analyzing of the strategic decision to determine their effectiveness in the market (Abell and Hammond, 1979, p. 42). Purpose of portfolio models in strategic decision making in marketing There are mainly four main purpose of using the portfolio models in the strategic marketing decisions which are pursued in portfolio management and must be achieved through any model that is used. These goals include the maximization of portfolio, seeking of the right balance of the available projects, aligning of the portfolio strategically, and aligning the projects to the available resource (Ansoff, 1984, p. 12). Smith and Swinyard (1999, p. 2) also show that portfolio marketing models are important for an organization to assess the overall success of a new product in the market before a lot of money is used in the development of the product. They both call for the use of multiple marketing models in order to achieve the overall success of introducing new products in the market. This will reduce the failure rate of the products and extend their life cycle in the market. (Thomas, 2002, p. 61) The models can also be used as important tools to forecast the level of competition and therefore draw upon effective way of beating this competition. They help to forecast the performance of a product in the market so as to draw up strategies to effectively introduce it in the market. Edgett, Cooper, and Kleinschmidt (2002, p. 2) showed that in order to achieve full development of a new product in the market, there has to be effective portfolio management. There are different types of portfolio models that include the BCG, GE/S, Hofner-Schendel, Experience Curve and Porters Competitive models. In his review of the portfolio models, Day (1977, p. 32) showed that the use of bubble diagrams had been gaining increasing use in business. Day shows that these models resemble the portfolio models with stars, cash cows, dogs, and others. He showed that these models could be used successfully to forecast the market in the future. Day therefore asserted the role of matrix like Boston matrix in marketing. The Boston matrix could be used to show four quadrants as has been shown by Day and corresponding strategies which could be used in each quadrant. However Day criticizes the matrix on the sense that it is too narrow on its scope. He asserts that the BCG matrix has a narrow focus on the market share of the product. On the other hand Morrison and Wensley (1991, p. 106) provided an insight into the portfolio planning models as used in making business decision. They asserted that the use of BCG matrix in portfolio management is inhibited by difficulties in measurement of the rate of market growth and the relative market share of the product. This is due to a number of reasons. They gave the most prominent reason being the fact that market boundaries are often very difficult to fix which meant the different matrix methods will give different recommendations for a given situation. Therefore they argue that the common scope of BCG matrix in a way ignores some of the most relevant strategic issues in business. Though these other models are not as famous as BCG, Day still argues that use of them could also lead to success in the market. Day advocated and recommended the use of Porters competitiveness that he viewed to have higher possibilities of success than other models if its well implemented. It is commonly used in an already operating business with other products in the market. The experience curve can only be help to the company that has been in the market for sometime with a different product. The experience that the company has gained in the given period will determine the strength of the company in the market. This has been used by several companies like coca-cola in the introduction their mineral water. It would be hard for a company that has not been doing well in the market to succeed with the new product. They showed that Boston matrix was a technique for one season and not for all the season. This is because its popularity and use increased in the 1960s and 1970s and then plummeted due to the challenges faced in the market. They showed that the single chart could be successfully used to determine the growth potential and the competitive strength of a product in the market but this has rapidly changed with time. Armstrong and Brodie (1994, p. 38) evaluation on the applicability of the Boston matrix concluded that the use of the matrix to guide investors often would result to wrong decision through the use of BCG. General Electric and Shell, Porters competitive models are designed for long term use in the market, once the product has been introduced in the market, the models techniques still continues to support the product through the entire life in the market. Whichever model is used, it has to be used for entire life of the company because no other model will fit without altering the companies business especially when the company is introducing new product in the market. Although they based their study on a small number of graduates in a class, they gave a further warning against the use of the matrix in a simple mind. Armstrong and Brodie (1994, p. 3) carried out a study on the effect of the portfolio planning methods on the overall decision making process. Their study pointed out the weakness in the use of BCG matrix in making strategic decision in an organization. Their study revealed that the use of BCG matrix in making investment decisions was highly likely to lead to unprofitable investment while Robert and Merton (1989, p. 210) advocates that the implementation of other models instead of matrix were intended for lifetime decision making. If not well implemented, there is a probability of causing life time losses and would be hard to recover unless the product is withdrawn from the market. Each model has some weaknesses bas they are exposed out in the way models assume a casual relationship between the market share and the profitability of a product in the market. Morison and Wesley (1991, p. 26) also pointed out lack of consistency in the use of the portfolio models in determining market growth and profits. These studies give varied views on the use of Boston matrix, GE/S, Hofner-Schendel, Experience Curve and Porters Competitive models in making marketing decision. They all seem to point out on the weaknesses of these models in light of their theory and application. There are other ways a business can prosper other than using portfolio models. The strategies used in introducing the product in the market is all that matters, portfolios are just to give the business a rough idea on how to approach the marketing matter but not to give a conclusive tread which the business should follow. Conclusion Portfolio models are applied in portfolio management. They are applied in management to make strategic marketing decision. Though they had gained increasing use in different times, they have some weaknesses that are fatal to the welfare of the business in future. On the other hand they may give a rough idea on how to approach the market issues and on how to introduce the new product in the market. In all portfolios, not is able to predict the growth and the profit margins or losses on the other hand for the product, thus making them less important tool for the marketing. However the use of models should be discarded and there be implemented new strategies that would be able to address the issues of the business on long term and in both growth and revenues that are likely to be gained by the introduced product. Recommendations: The use of portfolio models is not recommended and if they have to be used, they must be implemented with great caution. None of all models has proofed an effective strategic decision making in regard to the marketing issues. It should however be discarded or it should be used with caution. This paper does not recommend the use of portfolio models and an alternative way should be sought to replace this.

culture and conflict :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The culture of conflict is just as important as the conflict itself. The reasons for conflict and the inner agony of pride are all do to culture. The epic poem of Gilgamesh, and The Odyssey, the story of Genesis have many forms of many conflicts. Cultural conflicts have many different forms, but pride is usually at the root of all of them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book of Gilgamesh has many conflicts, and battles. Gilgamesh was a flashy warrior and leader that resolved everything with primitive actions. He was a conflict all his own because the towns people didn’t like his leadership. His acts of womanizing and mistreating the towns people is what caused this hatred towards him. They all wished for an equal to come. Enkido was a forest man that was an equal to Gilgamesh. He came, and at first wasn’t an equal to Gilgamesh, but a rival. Gilgamesh and Enkido battled through the streets of the town. These actions were pride based and human nature must have had an impact. In anything once a leader is challenged he will do anything to keep his leadership and step up to the occasion. In this case, Gilgamesh the leader was challenged. â€Å"Enkido stood, guardian on the threshold of the martial chamber, To block the way of the king, The aura and power of the wild ox, Gilgamesh, Who was coming to the chamber and take his bride.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stormy heart struggled with stormy heart, As Gilgamesh met Enkido in his rage, At the marital threshold they wrestled, bulls contending: The doorposts shook and shattered; the wrestling staggered.† (Gilgamesh_14,15)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once the battle ended, Gilgamesh knew that they were equal. Being the leader that he was, he decided not to be rivals, but be friends. They decide to travel to the forest of Cedars, where they set to challenge the org Huwawa. Enkido doesn’t want to proceed with this thought but Gigamesh wants to continue. They show up and battle the superhuman guardian, kill him, cut down the forest, cut off Huwana's head as a trophy, build a raft, and head back to Uruk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The really only cultural experience in this battle isn’t just the battle itself, but after the battle when they cut off Huwawa's head and made it into a trophy. Making his head into a trophy exemplifies their in their great victory. It demonstrates was gained and shows that they had something to remember it by.

There is no simple or single entity which we can call aggression

There is no simple or single entity which we can call aggression† aggression a term simultaneously shared & perceived with violence in general views. However, the two terms are diverse in their respective aspects, even though integral to each other. Violence may be the result of aggression in many cases.Aggression cannot be explained as a simple psychological or emotional state. It is a complex state of mind that might be the result of many things. A number of researches have been conducted in this field to study the human nature & thus prepare an explanation regarding such human behaviors.The definition of aggression as stated by Buss is, â€Å"a response that delivers noxious stimuli to another organism.† [Critical Social Psychology: An Introduction] There are various misunderstandings regarding aggression, even in these modern times, the exact reason is not known, however tests & researches are constantly going on to find the answers as to how & why aggression is trig gered & why it differs person to person.The book Critical Social Psychology mentions two types of aggression:Affective aggression, comprising of strong emotional states & often resulting in injuring someone. Instrumental aggression is usually followed by or accelerated in order to attain some desires. Mostly the feeling is conjured by the stress & problems an individual counters in his or her life. Often the social issues in our society disrupts an otherwise normal life of a person, being accepted in the society is considered to be very important & people tend to do things just to fit in with the others.This example is widely present in adolescents; a student gets emotionally & psychologically disturbed if he or she is not being accepted among their school mates, this feeling arouses desperation which provokes them to perform activities due to peer pressure. Extreme anxiety may lead to aggression which might induce an individual to get violent in order to get prominent or to take re venge.  Young people today watch movies & TV programs that are centered on violence like wrestling. It is common conjecture that media is responsible for the increased percentage of aggression in humans. The comics, cartoons, various TV shows designed for children are full of violence & may elicit aggression in young minds.Not only fiction but real life today depicts hostility, deferentially covered by the modern news channels. This perception mentioned in [The Media: An Introduction] also confer various effects like the tendency of children to imitate what they observe, not having the knowledge to decide between wrong & right. Bandura's experiment declared that 88% children imitate the violence they witness on TV.It is also derived that aggression might be learned as well as controlled, by examining the experiment, with young children exposed to adult hostility towards an object & later rewarded or punished for their activities, it was noted that the children tend to indulge in t he behavior for which they witnessed the adults to be rewarded for.The same intense emotion is eminent in adults for example while watching a sports program, the audience tend to get hyper active while supporting their favorite team; like on 11 October 97, the final qualifying football match between England & Italy which ended in a tie; conversely the newspaper & the TV channels highlighted the crowd hostility that took place during the match instead of the result, followed by contemplation concerning the issue. [Sociology, 1998]Not every mind is alike hence the same message is perceived in different ways by different minds. While one person may realize that the violence being shown is negative & should be avoided, another might get inspired from it. Social norms & conflicts affect individuals drastically; the wars around the world & other issues might induce negative mind-set in people hence resulting in aggression.There are many misconceptions regarding aggression, since it is a c omplex condition & cannot be summed up easily, hence it is vital to consider the social & physiological conditions of each individual to come up with a proper explanation. Violence & aggression are interrelated & maybe used as a means of internal sub control [Social Psychology: Conflicts & Continuities] especially when today our society is divided among different races & religions.Every individual considers him to be the righteous one & reacts strongly when verbally or physically challenged. In various cultures, aggression is employed either individually or in group to produce or stop social change in a society. In order to understand the reasons behind this atrocity, it is important to learn what aggression really is, only then we would truly understand the causes & the various possibilities. [From Animosity to Atrocity]The world which we live in today is labeled as a modern world, nevertheless, the irrationality of the violence & riots in cultures. Even today one finds the news of children tortured physically & mentally by parents or teachers & questions his mind whether we are living in the 21st century.The human mind is a difficult chapter to study; psychologists come up with various explanations regarding the aggressive nature of mankind but fail to answer the new questions that arise as a result of that theory. A normal individual today is faced to so much violent behavior that he initially gets used to it & then ignores it.Nobody can answer what goes on in a murderers mind when he or she kills some one, or targets someone with brutal physical or verbal conduct. Researches by previous psychologists were usually based on a number of false assumptions like the works of Freud, Lorenz & Wilson which was later rejected, claimed that aggression was a natural instinct in humans like animals.The fact was also rejected that aggression occurred as a result of biological reasons. However it is accepted that the extreme feeling might evolve due to historical, social or cultural circumstances. [Critical Social Psychology: An Introduction]

What Is The Importance Of Ratio Analysis Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1334 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Ratio analysis isnt just comparing different numbers from the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. Its comparing the number against previous years, other companies, the industry, or even the economy in general. Ratios look at the relationships between individual values and relate them to how a company has performed in the past, and might perform in the future. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Is The Importance Of Ratio Analysis Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Financial ratio analysis is the calculation and comparison of ratios which are derived from the information in a companys financial statements. The level and historical trends of these ratios can be used to make inferences about a companys financial condition, its operations and attractiveness as an investment. Financial ratios are calculated from one or more pieces of information from a companys financial statements. For example, the gross margin is the gross profit from operations divided by the total sales or revenues of a company, expressed in percentage terms. In isolation, a financial ratio is a useless piece of information. In context, however, a financial ratio can give a financial analyst an excellent picture of a companys situation and the trends that are developing. A ratio gains utility by comparison to other data and standards. Taking our example, a gross profit margin for a company of 25% is meaningless by itself. If we know that this companys competitors have profit margins of 10%, we know that it is more profitable than its industry peers which is quite favourable. If we also know that the historical trend is upwards, for example has been increasing steadily for the last few years, this would also be a favourable sign that management is implementing effective business policies and strategies. Financial ratio analysis groups the ratios into categories which tell us about different facets of a companys finances and operations. An overview of some of the categories of ratios is given below. Leverage Ratios which show the extent that debt is used in a companys capital structure. Liquidity Ratios which give a picture of a companys short term financial situation or solvency. Operational Ratios which use turnover measures to show how efficient a company is in its operations and use of assets. Profitability Ratios which use margin analysis and show the return on sales and capital employed. Solvency Ratios which give a picture of a companys ability to generate cashflow and pay it financial obligations. It is imperative to note the importance of the proper context for ratio analysis. Like computer programming, financial ratio is governed by the GIGO law of Garbage InGarbage Out! A cross industry comparison of the leverage of stable utility companies and cyclical mining companies would be worse than useless. Examining a cyclical companys profitability ratios over less than a full commodity or business cycle would fail to give an accurate long-term measure of profitability. Using historical data independent of fundamental changes in a companys situation or prospects would predict very little about future trends. For example, the historical ratios of a company that has undergone a merger or had a substantive change in its technology or market position would tell very little about the prospects for this company. Credit analysts, those interpreting the financial ratios from the prospects of a lender, focu s on the downside risk since they gain none of the upside from an improvement in operations. They pay great attention to liquidity and leverage ratios to ascertain a companys financial risk. Equity analysts look more to the operational and profitability ratios, to determine the future profits that will accrue to the shareholder. Although financial ratio analysis is well-developed and the actual ratios are well-known, practicing financial analysts often develop their own measures for particular industries and even individual companies. Analysts will often differ drastically in their conclusions from the same ratio analysis. As in all things financial, beauty is often in the eye of the beholder. It pays to do your own work! Value Managers Value managers try to find companies trading at less than their intrinsic value, the price the underlying company is worth. In other words, they try to by the stock as cheaply as possible. In buying stocks as cheaply as possible, they hope to outperform in the long term, as their undervalued stocks return to higher valuation levels. They also believe that when they make mistakes, they have a more limited downside, since they paid a cheap price for the stock to start with. Value managers use financial analysis to calculate yardsticks of a stocks worth. A classic value manager would focus on: a low P/E ratio or price-to-earnings ratio (market price divided by earnings) which indicates that the stock is cheaply valued compared to earnings; a low price-to-book ratio (market price divided by accounting book value) which indicates that the stock is cheap compared to its historical accounting value; and a high dividend yield (dividend divided by market price) which shows that the stock pays a high cash yield on its price. Growth managers invest in the stocks of companies with rapidly growing sales and earnings. They believe that the stock price of this type of company will increase quickly as well, reflecting the strong growth of these companies. They do not focus on the valuation of these companies, preferring to examine their industries, management and growth potential. In aggregate, they think that the strong growth of these stocks will outweigh their valuations over a longer period of time. Obviously, growth managers focus on industries with strong growth such as technology and computer companies. The recent growth of the Internet has made Internet companies such as Yahoo! and Netscape favourites of growth investors Core managers or closet indexers focus on security selection, but try to maintain the same weightings as the index that they are compared to. They use the same valuation techniques as value and growth managers, but they dont want to make the ir portfolios appreciably different from the index or other managers. There are a couple of reasons for this. The most important is relative performance. Relative performance means how a manager looks versus the market index they are compared to. Managers generally try to beat the index they are being compared to. If the managers portfolio is very different from the index, the manager will perform quite differently. If the managers performance is good, then there is little problem. When the manager under performs, the clients are not very happy or patient. So managers keep their portfolios similar to the index or other managers, expecting to be not to different from the index or other managers. The other reason is that clients, sales representatives and consultants want their managers performance to be similar to the index or other managers. Client often dont want the best performance, but conservative management, meaning performance fairly similar to published performance sta tistics. Financial sales representatives want their clients to be happy and explaining wide performance differentials between client performance and published market and performance statistics takes a lot of time. Consultants want the managers performance to be similar to the index they are being measured against because they have done asset planning studies which are based on the performance of that index. This means that there is a large group, perhaps the majority of managers, who try to construct portfolios that will perform similarly to indexes and other managers. These core or closet index managers will pick the best stocks from an industry grouping. For example, if there are twenty-five stocks in an industry group that is 20% of the market index, the manager might select the best four at a 5% weight. Since most stocks in an industry tend to track each other in performance, the manager will have much the same performance in this portion of her portfolio as the index. By imp lementing this strategy for the significant industry groups in an index, the manager will obtain very similar performance to the index. Hopefully, by using financial analysis and valuation techniques to choose the best stocks from the index groups, the manager will outperform the index by a reasonable margin.